{"created":"2025-03-12T00:48:10.608832+00:00","id":2000081,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c380a96b-f9c3-430a-a96b-1d14cdd2699b"},"_deposit":{"created_by":18,"id":"2000081","owner":"18","owners":[18],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000081"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:jicari.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000081","sets":["698"]},"author_link":[],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"bibliographic_information","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueNumber":"Discussion Paper No. 28","bibliographicNumberOfPages":"25","bibliographicPageEnd":"23","bibliographicPageStart":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"Discussion Paper"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Using a human security perspective, this article examines support provided by Japan to Japanese emigrants and their descendants, particularly in Latin America, since the late 19th century, and scrutinizes Japan’s international cooperation efforts to address forced migration since the 1970s. Japanese emigrants and their descendants have formed Nikkei communities and have contributed to their destination countries, despite various hardships. As the sending country, Japan and its agencies, such as the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and one of its predecessors, the Japan Emigration Service (JEMIS), have supported Japanese emigrants and Nikkei communities in strengthening protection and empowerment. Regarding forced migration, the Japanese government established a comprehensive humanitarian assistance implementation system in the 1970s. This system is comprised of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Self-Defense Forces, JICA, and NGOs to support the people, including displaced persons, in crises such as armed conflicts or natural disasters. Furthermore, the scope of international cooperation has expanded to promote empowerment in addition to providing protection. Although the periods and contexts of support for Japanese emigrants and Nikkei communities, and Japan’s international cooperation to address forced migration differ significantly, JICA has been consistently involved in these efforts. JEMIS, originally established in 1963 to promote Japanese emigration, was later merged into JICA, which expanded its role to include addressing the challenges of forced migration. In a world where migration is a significant concern, this article attempts to link those separate activities under the framework of human security, which is one of the missions of JICA, and provide a preliminary discussion of the findings that can be drawn from each experience. This article identifies several practices considered human security approaches: protection and empowerment with people-centered, context-specific, and comprehensive principles. The trust-based relationships between Japan and destination countries for emigrants and displaced persons make such practices possible.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"本稿は、移住と強制移住に対する日本の支援や国際協力を人間の安全保障の視点から論じた。移住については、1880年代以降の主に中南米への日本人移民とその子孫に対する、日本政府とJICA、JICAの前身の一つである海外移住事業団（JEMIS）の支援や国際協力を考察した。様々な苦難を経て、日本人移民とその子孫は移住先国に貢献した。日本政府の移住政策は長い時間の中で変化し、JEMISやJICAは文脈に即した移民の保護やエンパワメントを推進した。強制移住については、1970年代に日本政府が包括的な人道支援の実施体制を構築し始めて以降の国際協力を考察した。JICAは外務省、自衛隊や日本の国際NGOと連携し、難民等の強制移住者を含む被災者の、文脈に即した包括的な保護とエンパワメントを促進した。二つの例は期間も背景も異なるが、人間の安全保障に照らした保護とエンパワメントの実践が確認できた。日本と移民や強制移住者の滞在国との信頼関係が、こうした取り組みを可能にする。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"JICA Ogata Sadako Research Institute/緒方貞子平和開発研究所"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"MUTO, Ako"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2024-11-01"}],"filename":"Discussion Paper No28.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"449 KB"}],"format":"application/pdf","url":{"url":"https://jicari.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000081/files/Discussion Paper No28.pdf"},"version_id":"ca930ba3-262b-48f2-944f-76f9f0fd72d1"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"Human security, Japanese emigration, forced migration, context-specific, comprehensive"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"item_resource_type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Japanese Emigration, Nikkei Communities, and Forced Migration: A Study from the Perspective of Human Security and International Cooperation","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Japanese Emigration, Nikkei Communities, and Forced Migration: A Study from the Perspective of Human Security and International Cooperation","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"18","path":["698","729"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2024-11-01"},"publish_date":"2024-11-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000081","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Japanese Emigration, Nikkei Communities, and Forced Migration: A Study from the Perspective of Human Security and International Cooperation"],"weko_creator_id":"18","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2025-03-12T00:54:04.894362+00:00"}