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        <identifier>oai:jicari.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001107</identifier>
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          <dc:title xml:lang="en">Scaling up Interventions to Improve Basic  Reading: Evidence from Madagascar after the  COVID-19 Pandemic Shock on Education</dc:title>
          <jpcoar:creator>
            <jpcoar:creatorName xml:lang="en">Maruyama, Takao</jpcoar:creatorName>
            <jpcoar:familyName xml:lang="en">Maruyama</jpcoar:familyName>
            <jpcoar:givenName xml:lang="en">Takao</jpcoar:givenName>
          </jpcoar:creator>
          <jpcoar:creator>
            <jpcoar:creatorName xml:lang="en">Igei, Kengo</jpcoar:creatorName>
            <jpcoar:familyName xml:lang="en">Igei</jpcoar:familyName>
            <jpcoar:givenName xml:lang="en">Kengo</jpcoar:givenName>
            <jpcoar:affiliation/>
          </jpcoar:creator>
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          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="Other">Educational development</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="Other">COVID-19 pandemic</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="Other">Basic reading</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="Other">School management</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="Other">Sub-Saharan Africa</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="ja">教育開発</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="ja" subjectScheme="Other">新型コロナ感染拡大</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="ja" subjectScheme="Other">子どもの読み</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="ja" subjectScheme="Other">学校運営</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject xml:lang="ja" subjectScheme="Other">サブ サハラアフリカ</jpcoar:subject>
          <datacite:description xml:lang="en" descriptionType="Abstract">The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted education worldwide, especially in low-income countries. After the long-term school closures due to the pandemic in Madagascar, the Ministry of Education conducted training on basic reading and writing pedagogy, called “Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL),” for primary teachers and community volunteers. The training was a part of a package of interventions that aimed to strengthen the capacity of school management committees (SMC) to lead extra-curricular remedial activities using TaRL. In Madagascar, the package was scaled up progressively to increase the coverage of regions, which created a quasi-experimental situation for areas near the border of neighboring regions with similar social backgrounds. This study used the setting to investigate the impact of the scaled-up interventions on basic reading for primary students, employing a difference-in-differences strategy. With the foundation of the improved capacity of the SMCs, the TaRL training increased the proportion of grade 2 through 4 students who could read words written in the local language by 15.9 percentage points and those who could read a story by 3.1 percentage points. In addition to survey data on students, this study also analyzed assessment data at the school level. These results suggest that these impacts were realized widely across the targeted region. The case of Madagascar indicates that it is possible to improve learning at scale through extra-curricular remedial activities organized by SMCs toward the learning recovery.</datacite:description>
          <datacite:description xml:lang="ja" descriptionType="Abstract">2020年の新型コロナ感染拡大は世界中の教育に影響を及ぼし、特に低所得国における学習の危機を深刻化させた。マダガスカルでは新型コロナの感染拡大をうけて小学校が長期間閉鎖された後、同国教育省は子ども達の読み書きの改善のため、"Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL)"と呼ばれる教授法の研修を初等教員及び地域ボランティアに対して実施した。同研修はPMAQ-TaRLと呼ばれる介入パッケージの一部であるが、同パッケージは各学校の学校運営委員会の機能を改善し、学校運営委員会のイニシアティブでTaRLを用いた補習活動が行われることにより子どもの学習改善を図るものである。本研究は、マダガスカルにおいて介入パッケージが段階的に対象県を拡大する形でスケールアップされたことに着目し、社会経済状況の類似した2県の県境付近の学校を対象とし、差分の差法により介入効果を識別する。学校運営を改善した上でTaRL研修を行うことにより、初等第2～4学年の子どものうち、マダガスカル語で書かれた単語を読める子どもの割合が15.9パーセントポイント、物語の段落を読める子どもの割合が3.1パーセントポイント増加した。また、本研究では、現地調査で収集したデータに加え、対象県の学校レベルのアセスメントデータを分析したところ、介入による子どもの読みへのインパクトは県境付近に限らず、県内で広範囲に生じたものと考えられる。マダガスカルにおける本事例は、学校運営委員会のイニシアティブによる補習活動を通じ、新型コロナ感染拡大で深刻化した学習の危機の克服に向け、子どもの学習改善を広範囲に実現することが可能であることを示唆している。</datacite:description>
          <dc:publisher xml:lang="en">JICA Ogata Sadako Research Institute</dc:publisher>
          <datacite:date dateType="Issued">2023-01-01</datacite:date>
          <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
          <dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501">departmental bulletin paper</dc:type>
          <jpcoar:identifier identifierType="DOI">https://doi.org/10.18884/00001081</jpcoar:identifier>
          <jpcoar:identifier identifierType="HDL">http://hdl.handle.net/10685/00001081</jpcoar:identifier>
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          <jpcoar:sourceTitle>Discussinon Paper</jpcoar:sourceTitle>
          <jpcoar:sourceTitle xml:lang="en">Discussinon Paper</jpcoar:sourceTitle>
          <jpcoar:volume>Discussinon Paper</jpcoar:volume>
          <jpcoar:issue>Discussinon Paper No.4</jpcoar:issue>
          <jpcoar:numPages>34</jpcoar:numPages>
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          <jpcoar:pageEnd>32</jpcoar:pageEnd>
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            <datacite:date dateType="Available">2023-03-03</datacite:date>
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